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history-and-shit: Low stone walls crisscrossing the deserts of...

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history-and-shit:

Low stone walls crisscrossing the deserts of Israel, Egypt and Jordan have puzzled archaeologists since their discovery by pilots in the early 20th century.

The chain of lines — some up to 40 miles (64 kilometers) long and nicknamed “kites” by scientists for their appearance from the air — date to 300 B.C., but were abandoned long ago.

The mystery might be somewhat clearer thanks to a recent study claiming that the purpose of the kites was to funnel wild animals toward a small pit, where they could easily be killed in large numbers. This efficient system suggests that local hunters knew more about the behavior of local fauna than previously thought.


thesherd: How do you create weapons for 7000 terracotta...

australianarchaeologyblog:  This book provides a comprehensive...

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australianarchaeologyblog:

 This book provides a comprehensive examination of Aboriginal rock art. It also asks how and why archaeologists study prehistoric art. M.J. Morwood reviews the techniques, methodologies, and technologies that scientists employ and explains why their insights often cannot be gained through other types of archaeological evidence.

The symbolic evidence found in rock art is virtually the only window into understanding the ideology, territoriality, resource use, and social organization of an ancient society.

socialsciencedaily: Team leader Diana Gergova said that among...

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socialsciencedaily:

Team leader Diana Gergova said that among the artifacts, dating back to the end of the fourth or the beginning of the third century B.C.E., were gold jewelry and applications for horse trappings, a tiara with reliefs of lions and fantasy animals, as well as four bracelets and a ring. 

Yep, I am that dorky!

ancientart: Ancient Mesopotamian childerns toy. Little is known...

A fascinating reading assigned for my osteology course:

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jamesthepious:

American Anthropological Association
Statement on “Race”

(May 17, 1998)

The following statement was adopted by the Executive Board of the American Anthropological Association, acting on a draft prepared by a committee of representative American anthropologists. It does not reflect a consensus of all members of the AAA, as individuals vary in their approaches to the study of “race.” We believe that it represents generally the contemporary thinking and scholarly positions of a majority of anthropologists.

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Anthropologist finds large differences in gait of early human ancestors

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Anthropologist finds large differences in gait of early human ancestors:

deconversionmovement:

(Phys.org)—Patricia Ann Kramer, professor of anthropology at the University of Washington, has found that the walking gait between two of our early ancestors was likely so different that it’s doubtful they would have done so together, despite being two members of the same species living during roughly the same time period. In her paper published in the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Kramer outlines how she compared the natural walking speeds of modern humans to those of two members of the Australopithecus afarensis species and found that such large differences existed between two members of our early ancestors that walking together would have been troublesome.

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"The human sciences are only sciences by way of a self-flattering imposture. They run into an..."

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“The human sciences are only sciences by way of a self-flattering imposture. They run into an insurmountable limit, because the realities they aspire to understand are of the same order of complexity as the intellectual means they deploy. Therefore they are incapable of mastering their object, and always will be.”

- Claude Lévi-Strauss (via inthenoosphere)

medievalistsnet: The Ancient Egyptian Sed-Festival and the...

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medievalistsnet:

The Ancient Egyptian Sed-Festival and the Exemption from Corvee

Galán, José M.( Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid)

Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Vol. 59, No. 4 (Oct., 2000), pp. 255-264

Abstract

AMENHOTEP III’s first sed-festival (ca. 1370 B.C.) is mentioned in a large number of dockets from Malqataas well as in the tombs of Kheruef and Khaemhet,the funerary temple of Amenhotep son of Hapu, the temple of Khonsuat Karnak,and in Soleb. In the temple of Soleb, among the various scenes in relief summarizing the ritual that was performed for the occasion, there is one scene that is accompanied by an inscription with a legal and administrative content.’

The text is arranged in columns, and the firstone is placed just before a figure of a king sitting on a litter; he is wearing the Upper Egyptian crown and holding in his hand the flagellum and the heqa-scepter.The inscription is badly damaged, but some sections can still be read. The missing parts can be restored by referringto an inscription in Osorkon II’s temple at Bubastis. The latter commemorates Osorkon’s first sed-festival, celebrated in the twenty-second year of his reign (ca. 865 B.C.), in the fourth month of Akhet. Despite the geographical and chronological distance between the two inscriptions, there are only minor differences between them.

ancientwisdomneedednow: 2,000 year old analog computer, used to...

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ancientwisdomneedednow:

2,000 year old analog computer, used to predict lunar eclipses and and astronomical positions. Found in a shipwreck off the coast of Greece. 

About a century ago, pieces of a strange machine consisting of bronze gears and dials was recovered from an ancient shipwreck off the coast of Greece. Originally scientists   assessed the device as a an instrument that calculated and illustrated astronomical information in the second century BCE, specifically the phases of the Moon and planetary motions. The artifact discovered is now known as the Antikythera Mechanism or “the world’s first computer”. The piece is technologically very complex for its time. The established approx. date of the mechanism is 150-100 BCE. The Roman vessel which carried the artifact sank off the island of Antikythera around 65 BCE. Some evidence suggests that the ship had sailed from Rhodes. Therefore, researchers speculated that Hipparchos, who is known to have lived on Rhodes Island, have contributed the design of the device.

"Tell me what you eat and I’ll tell you what you are. Not only biography and genealogy but the..."

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Tell me what you eat and I’ll tell you what you are. Not only biography and genealogy but the whole field of anthropology could, if one knew the code, be deduced from food.”

-Poppy Cannon



- (Quoted in Dancing Skeletons by K. Dettwyler, p.101)

history-and-shit: Sacrificial remains of humans and animals,...

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history-and-shit:

Sacrificial remains of humans and animals, believed to be at least 2,700 years old, have been found in central China’s Luoyang city , Chinese archaeologists say.

The bones are part of a recently discovered burial complex covering nearly a quarter acre (945 square meters) and containing 14 tombs, a water channel, and 59 pits from the Western Zhou dynasty. 

During the Western Zhou period (1100 B.C. to 771 B.C.), the sacrifices of animals—and sometimes humans—to ancestors or deities were a routine part of Chinese culture. The sacrifices were often made to bless houses, said David Sena, a China historian at the University of Texas at Austin.

“In general, there’s been a tendency to describe Western Zhou as a more humanistic period, when the practice of human sacrifices”—which were commonplace during the preceding Shang Dynasty—”were waning,” Sena said.

“But I think the archaeological evidence shows quite clearly that human sacrifices persisted throughout the Zhou period as well.”

artisawaynotathing: Golden discovery: Archaeologists discover...

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artisawaynotathing:

Golden discovery: Archaeologists discover astonishing haul ‘linked to Alexander the Great’ in network of tombs in Bulgaria

Archaeologists have unearthed ancient golden artefacts, including a tiara with animal motifs and a horse head piece, during excavation works at a Thracian tomb in northern Bulgaria.

The significant finds are dated back to the end of the fourth or the beginning of the third century BC and were found in the biggest of 150 ancient tombs of a Thracian tribe, the Getae, that was in contact with the ancient Greeks.

The findings, at the Omurtag mount near the village of Sveshatari, also included a golden ring, 44 applications of female figures as well as 100 golden buttons.

Archaeological News: Piece of Surf City history emerges after Sandy

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Archaeological News: Piece of Surf City history emerges after Sandy:

archaeologicalnews:

A piece of history unique to Surf City emerged on the beach when Hurricane Sandy skirted Topsail Island’s shore, drawing curious onlookers who are reminded to look, but not touch.

A section of the William H. Sumner, a three-masted schooner whose young captain died under suspicious circumstances after running the ship aground in 1919, has been protruding from the sand a short distance from the Dolphin Street beach access.

The wreckage is a chunk of the ship that floated ashore when the Coast Guard blasted the vessel shortly after it ran aground, to remove the navigation hazard, said Nathan Henry, assistant state archaeologist and conservator with the Underwater Archaeology Branch of the North Carolina Office of State Archaeology. 

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Archaeological News: Digging up scandalous nuns' past

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Archaeological News: Digging up scandalous nuns' past:

archaeologicalnews:

UNCOVERING the history behind supposedly scandalous nuns has helped fuel interest in archaeology projects in Oxford.

About 500 volunteers from Archeox, the Archaeology of East Oxford Community Project, have been excavating a medieval nunnery at Minchery Farm Paddock, between Blackbird Leys and Littlemore.

The five-week dig finished on Friday when Oxford University Vice Chancellor Prof Andrew Hamilton paid a visit to see some of the historic finds.

Project director Dr David Griffiths, of Oxford University’s Department for Continuing Education, said the area explored was part of the site occupied by Littlemore Priory, a nunnery established in around AD1110. 

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Archaeological News: United States returns to Peru last Machu Picchu artefacts

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Archaeological News: United States returns to Peru last Machu Picchu artefacts:

archaeologicalnews:

The last of the artefacts taken from Machu Picchu by American archaeologist who rediscovered the Inca citadel have been returned to Peru.

More than 35,000 pottery fragments and other pieces were flown from Yale University to the Andean city of Cusco.

They had been taken to the US by archaeologist Hiram Bingham, who brought the site to international attention in 1911.

The move completes a deal signed in 2010, following legal action by Peru.

It argued that Bingham had only been loaned the artefacts.

The American archaeologist and historian took to Yale some 46,000 ceramics, bone fragments and metal pieces.

The first and second lots of artefacts arrived back in Peru last year.

The best pieces will now be on display in a newly built museum in nearby Cusco. 

Read more.

theweekmagazine: “I would wager that if an average citizen from...

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theweekmagazine:

“I would wager that if an average citizen from Athens of 1000 BC were to appear suddenly among us, he or she would be among the brightest and most intellectually alive of our colleagues.” 

Gerald Crabtree, a developmental scientist at Stanford University, counterintuitively argues that our ancient ancestors were much smarter than we are. According to his theory, advances in technology and medicine have masked an “underlying decline in brain power” that, in the future, will continue to contribute to the “dumbing down” of our species.

Are the comforts of modern life making humans dumber? 

Photo: Thinkstock/iStockphoto

"As the most egotistical of all species, we humans tend to think of ourselves as the inevitable..."

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As the most egotistical of all species, we humans tend to think of ourselves as the inevitable consequences of some inherent process of evolution that preordained our existence. This has led to the single most widespread misperception of human origins, one that is commonly depicted in diagrams that portray the human evolutionary journey as a march from apeness to humanness. The image inevitably features a quadrupedal ape to the left and through a series of seemingly goal-directed evolutionary steps, the figures on the right become more upright, less hairy, flatter faced, and larger brained…The central problem with this walk through time is that it promotes the all-too-common misconception that that whole purpose of evolution was to create us.

We are who we are, just as Lucy was who she was. She wasn’t half-way to anywhere, waiting for natural selection to refine her anatomical and behavioral adaptations…We must try to understand each and every fossil species within their own world, not ours. As challenging as it is, we have to envision them as living, breathing, reproducing individuals just like ourselves in order to appreciate how their adaptations, anatomy, and physiology permitted them to flourish in the world they occupied.



- Donald C. Johanson, Lucy’s Legacy (via anthropologymydearwatson)

history-and-shit: The world’s oldest purse may have been found...

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history-and-shit:

The world’s oldest purse may have been found in Germany—and its owner apparently had a sharp sense of Stone Age style.

Excavators at a site near Leipzig uncovered more than a hundred dog teeth arranged close together in a grave dated to between 2,500 and 2,200 B.C.E.

According to archaeologist Susanne Friederich, the teeth were likely decorations for the outer flap of a handbag.

“Over the years the leather or fabric disappeared, and all that’s left is the teeth. They’re all pointing in the same direction, so it looks a lot like a modern handbag flap,” said Friederich, of the Sachsen-Anhalt State Archaeology and Preservation Office.

The dog teeth were found during excavations of the 250-acre (100-hectare) Profen site, which is slated to become an open-pit coal mine in 2015.

So far the project has uncovered evidence of Stone and Bronze Age settlements, including more than 300 graves, hundreds of stone tools, spear points, ceramic vessels, bone buttons, and an amber necklace.

Thousands of finds from later periods—including the grave of a woman buried with a pound (1/2 kilogram) of gold jewelry around 50 B.C.E.—have also turned up.

Even among such a rich haul, the purse is something special, according to Friederich, who managed the excavation project. “It’s the first time we can show direct evidence of a bag like this.”

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